The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has decided that dairy products like milk, ghee, butter, and curd should no longer be labeled as “A1” or “A2.” These labels, according to FSSAI, can be misleading for consumers. Companies that currently have products with these labels are given six months to sell off their existing stock before the labels must be removed.
Understanding A1 and A2
A1 and A2 are types of proteins found in cow’s milk, specifically a protein called beta-casein. The difference between A1 and A2 depends on the breed of the cow:
- A1 beta-casein: Mostly found in milk from cows of Northern European breeds, like Holsteins.
- A2 beta-casein: Found in milk from breeds native to areas like the Channel Islands and Southern France, such as Guernsey cows.
Most regular milk contains both A1 and A2 proteins, but “A2 milk” is marketed as having only the A2 protein.
Health Concerns
Ongoing research is about whether A1 or A2 milk is better for health. Some studies suggest that A2 milk might cause fewer digestive problems for some people, while others find no clear evidence that A1 milk is harmful. Because the scientific evidence isn’t conclusive, the FSSAI wants to prevent any misleading health claims about these types of milk.
What FSSAI Is Doing
The FSSAI has decided that food businesses can no longer label products as A1 or A2. This rule applies to all dairy products; even online stores must follow it immediately. The goal is to protect consumers from unverified claims.
What Scientists Say
In the past, studies like a 2009 review by the European Food Safety Authority concluded that there was no need to distinguish between A1 and A2 milk. Scientists believe more research is needed to better understand these proteins’ potential health effects. The FSSAI’s directive aims to clear up confusion and prevent misleading marketing in India’s dairy industry. As the debate over A1 and A2 milk continues, consumers need to have accurate information based on sound science.
About FSSAI
The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) was created in 2006 under the Food Safety and Standards Act. Its main goal is to ensure that the food in India is safe and of high quality. FSSAI has introduced a unique five-digit license number for food businesses to promote transparency. The authority also conducts research and raises awareness about food safety. The FSSAI logo, featuring a fork and a wheat sheaf, symbolizes the organization’s focus on food quality. FSSAI also tracks food safety practices across the country with its Food Safety and Nutrition Index.