Page 18 - Dairy Dimension - Jan

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| Volume 1 | Issue 2 | Jan-Feb 2025 ARTICLE MILK MATTERS g
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Table 3: Effect of Yeast Products Supplementation on Udder Health in Dairy Cows
Enhancing Food Traceability in the Indian Dairy Industry
Yeast Species/Type Period Fed Dosage (g/kg of Improved Parameters References
Diets Feed or % of Diet
or CFU) Food traceability is the ability to track every aspect of the digital traceability solutions such as QR codes,
manufacturing and distribution of a product. In the food blockchain, or RFID tagging.
Yeast Cell Wall 14 weeks 28 g\head\day Decreased somatic cell count, Nocek et al. (2011)
(Saccharomyces improved mammary and beverage industry, traceability is crucial to ensure At the BMC/MCC level, identifying the source of
cerevisiae) gland health safety from "Grass to Glass" or "Farm to Fork." In India, contamination is difficult if BMCs do not retain VLC-level
the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) samples. Most BMCs check only basic parameters like
Active Dry Yeast 16 months 4 g/100 lb. of body Enhanced immune response Ryman et al. (2013)
(Saccharomyces weight daily against mastitis-causing mandates end-to-end traceability for all food products, fat, solids-not-fat (SNF), and basic adulterants, making it
cerevisiae) pathogens making it essential for crisis management, recalls, and difficult to trace chemical contaminants. The lack of
regulatory compliance. infrastructure, refrigeration, and trained personnel
Selenium Yeast 124 days 278 mg/kg DM Reduced somatic cell count, Oltramari et al (2014),
(Saccharomyces lower incidence of mastitis Weng et al (2018) There are two main types of traceability: forward and further complicates traceability. To improve this, BMCs
cerevisiae) backward. Forward traceability tracks the movement should mandate sample retention, invest in cost-
of dairy products after manufacturing, covering effective rapid testing kits, and train personnel on
Yeast Culture (Inactivate 3 weeks 5 ml/head, 2.0× Improved milk quality, Lim et al. (2021) proper sample storage and handling.
strains of Saccharomyces 10 ? 7 CFU/mL reduced somatic cell count warehousing, transportation, and distribution to
cerevisiae) retailers. Backward traceability traces the origin of At the VLC level, maintaining retention samples is
challenging as VLCs typically collect milk from 50-100
milk, including all steps in processing, raw materials
polysaccharide component in Saccharomyces source of selenium, sold as Selenomethionine. used, packaging, and process aids. Farm-level farmers. Farmers supplying small quantities (e.g., 1 liter)
cerevisiae, form the structural support of the yeast Phaffia yeast is known for producing astaxanthin, a traceability, a subset of backward traceability, involves make representative sample retention impractical. VLCs
cell wall. The innermost layer of yeast cell walls red pigment. operate in small facilities with minimal infrastructure,
consists of insoluble β-glucan. Mannans, another Which one to use in the cattle feed? tracking milk from the farm to its first point of collection. limiting storage capabilities. Instead of retaining
significant component of yeast cell walls. Mannan The mechanisms of active dry yeast, yeast cultures, and This is crucial when contaminants such as aflatoxins, individual samples, VLC-level traceability should be
oligosaccharides (MOS) act as prebiotics by serving yeast culture conclude in a comparable outcome: the melamine, or antibiotic residues are detected. If a dairy
as nutrients for beneficial microbes in the prevention of a decline in rumen pH or the restoration of collects milk from thousands of farmers and detects prioritised, with farm-level testing conducted only when
gastrointestinal tract, promoting probiotic effects. rumen pH to more normal levels. The provision of both contamination, it must identify the precise farm contamination is detected. Digital milk collection
4. Specialty Yeast Products probiotic and prebiotic effects through yeast cultures responsible. systems and mobile testing units can help enhance
Specialty yeast products include irradiated yeast, and yeast cell walls is advantageous. A nutritional source traceability.
selenium yeast, chromium yeast, and Phaffia yeast. for beneficial bacteria, in conjunction with the other The typical milk supply chain in India follows this path:
Irradiated yeast contains ergosterol, which nutrients included in yeast products, will undoubtedly
transforms into vitamin D2 under ultraviolet enhance rumen function during periods of acidosis.
radiation. Selenium yeast is a highly bioavailable

However, most dairy organisations in India struggle to With increasing regulatory focus and consumer
trace milk back to the farm level due to challenges at awareness, traceability in Indian dairy is improving.
each stage of the supply chain. Some startups are implementing animal-level
At the factory level, continuous production cycles for traceability, setting a precedent for larger dairy
essential dairy products like pouch milk and curd organizations. To achieve robust traceability, India must
complicate traceability. Shared equipment across invest in digital tracking solutions, incentivise farmer
multiple product lines can cause tracking errors, participation, and strengthen infrastructure at VLCs and
significantly if logs are not updated. Retention samples BMCs. While farm-level traceability remains challenging,
of incoming milk tankers from BMCs/MCCs are often incremental improvements can significantly enhance
improperly maintained. Dairies should implement robust dairy safety and reliability, moving India closer to global
logging and automated tracking systems to address standards.
these issues, maintain retention samples, and adopt

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